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Near-Contact Binaries with Mass Transfer: V473 Cassiopeiae and II Persei
Photometric solutions of two short period close binaries, V473 Cas andII Per, are derived with the 2003 version Wilson-Van Hamme code. It isshown that V473 Cas is a semidetached system with the primary componentor the secondary component at its critical Roche Lobe, while II Per is amarginal contact binary system with both components filling theircritical Roche Lobes, but with a large temperature difference betweenthe two components. Both systems belong to near-contact binaries withthe light curves enhanced around the left shoulder of secondary minimum,which can be explained by hot spots on the secondary components due tothe mass transfer via a stream hitting the facing surface of thesecondary components. The orbital period investigations based on allavailable times of light minimum show a secular period existing in thesetwo targets decreasing at the rate of dP/dt = –7.61 ×10–8 days yr–1 for V473 Casand dP/dt = –7.54 ×10–8 days yr–1 for II Per.The decrease of the orbital period can be the result of mass transferfrom the primary component to the secondary one, which is consistentwith the asymmetric light curves of V473 Cas and II Per. Therefore, V473Cas and II Per are other examples displaying evidence of mass transferbetween the two components. We have collected NCBs with secular periodvariation and find that almost all SD1-type NCBs show decreasing periodsand enhancing luminosity on the left shoulder of secondary minimum intheir light curves. So the semidetached configuration with the lobefilling primary is more plausible for V473 Cas. Furthermore, thedetected enhancing amplitude of luminosity for SD2-type NCBs is smallerthan other types of NCBs, which implies that the mass transfer from theprimary component to the secondary one is stronger than the transfer inopposite direction. With the orbital period decrease, V473 Cas and IIPer will evolve into overcontact binaries with true thermal contact.
| Contact Binaries with Additional Components. III. A Search Using Adaptive Optics
We present results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope adaptive optics(AO) search for companions of a homogeneous group of contact binarystars, as a contribution to our attempts to prove the hypothesis thatthese binaries require a third star to become as close as observed. Inaddition to directly discovering companions at separations of>=1″, we introduced a new method of AO image analysis utilizingdistortions of the AO diffraction ring pattern at separations of0.07″-1″. Very close companions, with separations in thelatter range, were discovered in the systems HV Aqr, OO Aql, CK Boo, XYLeo, BE Scl, and RZ Tau. More distant companions were detected in V402Aur, AO Cam, and V2082 Cyg. Our results provide a contribution to themounting evidence that the presence of close companions is a very commonphenomenon for very close binaries with orbital periods <1 day.Based on observations obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope,which is operated by the National Research Council of Canada, theInstitut National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de laRecherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii.
| Proper-motion binaries in the Hipparcos catalogue. Comparison with radial velocity data
Context: .This paper is the last in a series devoted to the analysis ofthe binary content of the Hipparcos Catalogue. Aims: .Thecomparison of the proper motions constructed from positions spanning ashort (Hipparcos) or long time (Tycho-2) makes it possible to uncoverbinaries with periods of the order of or somewhat larger than the shorttime span (in this case, the 3 yr duration of the Hipparcos mission),since the unrecognised orbital motion will then add to the propermotion. Methods: .A list of candidate proper motion binaries isconstructed from a carefully designed χ2 test evaluatingthe statistical significance of the difference between the Tycho-2 andHipparcos proper motions for 103 134 stars in common between the twocatalogues (excluding components of visual systems). Since similar listsof proper-motion binaries have already been constructed, the presentpaper focuses on the evaluation of the detection efficiency ofproper-motion binaries, using different kinds of control data (mostlyradial velocities). The detection rate for entries from the NinthCatalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (S_B^9) is evaluated, as wellas for stars like barium stars, which are known to be all binaries, andfinally for spectroscopic binaries identified from radial velocity datain the Geneva-Copenhagen survey of F and G dwarfs in the solarneighbourhood. Results: .Proper motion binaries are efficientlydetected for systems with parallaxes in excess of ~20 mas, and periodsin the range 1000-30 000 d. The shortest periods in this range(1000-2000 d, i.e., once to twice the duration of the Hipparcos mission)may appear only as DMSA/G binaries (accelerated proper motion in theHipparcos Double and Multiple System Annex). Proper motion binariesdetected among S_B9 systems having periods shorter than about400 d hint at triple systems, the proper-motion binary involving acomponent with a longer orbital period. A list of 19 candidate triplesystems is provided. Binaries suspected of having low-mass(brown-dwarf-like) companions are listed as well. Among the 37 bariumstars with parallaxes larger than 5 mas, only 7 exhibit no evidence forduplicity whatsoever (be it spectroscopic or astrometric). Finally, thefraction of proper-motion binaries shows no significant variation amongthe various (regular) spectral classes, when due account is taken forthe detection biases.Full Table [see full textsee full text] is only available in electronicform at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5)or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/464/377
| Radial Velocity Studies of Southern Close Binary Stars. II. Spring/Summer Systems
Radial velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital velocityvariations are presented for 14 close binary stars, S Ant, TT Cet, TWCet, AA Cet, RW Dor, UX Eri, YY Eri, BV Eri, CT Eri, SZ Hor, AD Phe, TYPup, HI Pup, and TZ Pyx. All are double-lined binaries, and all exceptthe last one are contact binaries. The orbital data must be consideredpreliminary because of the relatively small number of observations(6-12), a circumstance that is partly compensated by the good definitionof the broadening functions used for the radial velocity determinations.Based on data obtained at the European Southern Observatory.
| Contact Binaries with Additional Components. I. The Extant Data
We have attempted to establish observational evidence for the presenceof distant companions that may have acquired and/or absorbed angularmomentum during the evolution of multiple systems, thus facilitating orenabling the formation of contact binaries. In this preliminaryinvestigation we use several techniques (some of themdistance-independent) and mostly disregard the detection biases ofindividual techniques in an attempt to establish a lower limit to thefrequency of triple systems. While the whole sample of 151 contactbinary stars brighter than Vmax=10 mag gives a firm lowerlimit of 42%+/-5%, the corresponding number for the much better observednorthern-sky subsample is 59%+/-8%. These estimates indicate that mostcontact binary stars exist in multiple systems.
| A catalogue of eclipsing variables
A new catalogue of 6330 eclipsing variable stars is presented. Thecatalogue was developed from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars(GCVS) and its textual remarks by including recently publishedinformation about classification of 843 systems and making correspondingcorrections of GCVS data. The catalogue1 represents thelargest list of eclipsing binaries classified from observations.
| Statistical Constraints for Astrometric Binaries with Nonlinear Motion
Useful constraints on the orbits and mass ratios of astrometric binariesin the Hipparcos catalog are derived from the measured proper motiondifferences of Hipparcos and Tycho-2 (Δμ), accelerations ofproper motions (μ˙), and second derivatives of proper motions(μ̈). It is shown how, in some cases, statistical bounds can beestimated for the masses of the secondary components. Two catalogs ofastrometric binaries are generated, one of binaries with significantproper motion differences and the other of binaries with significantaccelerations of their proper motions. Mathematical relations betweenthe astrometric observables Δμ, μ˙, and μ̈ andthe orbital elements are derived in the appendices. We find a remarkabledifference between the distribution of spectral types of stars withlarge accelerations but small proper motion differences and that ofstars with large proper motion differences but insignificantaccelerations. The spectral type distribution for the former sample ofbinaries is the same as the general distribution of all stars in theHipparcos catalog, whereas the latter sample is clearly dominated bysolar-type stars, with an obvious dearth of blue stars. We point outthat the latter set includes mostly binaries with long periods (longerthan about 6 yr).
| On the properties of contact binary stars
We have compiled a catalogue of light curve solutions of contact binarystars. It contains the results of 159 light curve solutions. Theproperties of contact binary stars were studied using the cataloguedata. As is well known since Lucy's (\cite{Lucy68a},b) and Mochnacki's(\cite{Mochnacki81}) studies, primary components transfer their ownenergy to the secondary star via the common envelope around the twostars. This transfer was parameterized by a transfer parameter (ratio ofthe observed and intrinsic luminosities of the primary star). We provethat this transfer parameter is a simple function of the mass andluminosity ratios. We introduced a new type of contact binary stars: Hsubtype systems which have a large mass ratio (q>0.72). These systemsshow behaviour in the luminosity ratio- transfer parameter diagram thatis very different from that of other systems and according to ourresults the energy transfer rate is less efficient in them than in othertypes of contact binary stars. We also show that different types ofcontact binaries have well defined locations on the mass ratio -luminosity ratio diagram. Several contact binary systems do not followLucy's relation (L2/L1 =(M2/M1)0.92). No strict mass ratio -luminosity ratio relation of contact binary stars exists.Tables 2 and 3 are available in electronic form athttp://www.edpsciences.org
| SB9: The ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits
The Ninth Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits(http://sb9.astro.ulb.ac.be) continues the series of compilations ofspectroscopic orbits carried out over the past 35 years by Batten andcollaborators. As of 2004 May 1st, the new Catalogue holds orbits for2386 systems. Some essential differences between this catalogue and itspredecessors are outlined and three straightforward applications arepresented: (1) completeness assessment: period distribution of SB1s andSB2s; (2) shortest periods across the H-R diagram; (3)period-eccentricity relation.
| Up-to-Date Linear Elements of Eclipsing Binaries
About 1800 O-C diagrams of eclipsing binaries were analyzed and up-todate linear elements were computed. The regularly updated ephemerides(as a continuation of SAC) are available only in electronic form at theInternet address: http://www.as.ap.krakow.pl/ephem/.
| Catalogue of the field contact binary stars
A catalogue of 361 galactic contact binaries is presented. Listedcontact binaries are divided into five groups according to the type andquality of the available observations and parameters. For all systemsthe ephemeris for the primary minimum, minimum and maximum visualbrightness and equatorial coordinates are given. If available,photometric elements, (m1+m2)sin3i,spectral type, parallax and magnitude of the O'Connell effect are alsogiven. Photometric data for several systems are augmented by newobservations. The quality of the available data is assessed and systemsrequiring modern light-curve solutions are selected. Selectedstatistical properties of the collected data are discussed.
| Short-period near-contact binary systems at the beginning of the overcontact phase
A detailed analysis of orbital period changes of seven near-contactbinary stars (NCBs) (BL And, V473 Cas, XZ CMi, BV Eri, RU Eri, UU Lynand GR Tau) with period less than 1 d has been performed and theirrespective O-C diagrams are formed and discussed. It is found that allsystems analysed show secular period decreasing. For V473 Cas, theanalysis of the period change was performed based on data collected byMoschner, Frank & Bastian. For XZ CMi, its period shows some complexchanges, a possible cyclic oscillation is discovered to superpose on thesecular decrease that can be explained either by the presence of a thirdbody or by magnetic activity cycles of the components. Since thethird-body assumption is consistent with the photometric solution ofRafert, XZ CMi may be a truly triple system. For BV Eri, the perioddecrease is only supported by weak evidence. All the seven systems areshort-period NCBs with AF-type primary components where both componentsare filling or nearly filling the critical Roche lobe. As the perioddecreases, the separation between both components will be reducing andthus these systems will evolve into A-type overcontact binaries. Theperiod decrease may be caused by mass transfer or/and by angularmomentum loss via magnetic braking. Combined with the published data onthe other systems of the same type, a possible statistical connectionbetween orbital period P and its rate of decrease dP/dt is obtained:dP/dt=-5.3 × 10-7×P+ 1.3 × 10-7d yr-1. This correlation indicates that the smaller theorbital period P is, the smaller its rate of change dP/dt will be. Thecorrelation found in this paper indicates that there may be a smoothtransition from A- and F-type NCBs with period decreases to the A- andF-type overcontact binaries that have period increases, and in thatsense one may postulate that the NCBs may be the progenitors of theA-type W UMa systems and will be oscillating around a marginal-contactstate as predicted by thermal relaxation oscillation (TRO) theory.
| Short-Period Noncontact Close Binary Systems. VI. V392 Orionis
Photometric and spectroscopic observations in the optical region of theshort-period eclipsing binary system V392 Ori (A5 V, P=0.6593d) wereperformed and light and radial velocity curves were obtained. The lightcurves taken at various times are slightly different from one another.Analyses of the light and radial velocity curves yielded photometric andspectroscopic elements of the system. The derived mass function is quitesmall, f(M) = 0.0108 Msolar. The masses of the primary and secondarycomponents were found to be 1.2 Msolar and 0.3 Msolar, respectively, andthe radii are 1.7 Rsolar and 0.9 Rsolar. V392 Ori was found to belong toa group of low-mass binary systems. Due to the semidetached nature ofthe system, the loss of mass/angular momentum from the system mayoccasionally occur, inducing a probable effect on the light curves ofthe system. We compare the system with other low-mass binary systems anddiscuss the e volutionary status of the system.
| ROSAT all-sky survey of W Ursae Majoris stars and the problem of supersaturation
From ROSAT all-sky survey (RASS) data we obtained X-ray fluxes for 57 WUMa type contact systems. In our sample we detected three stars whichare the shortest period main sequence binaries ever found as X-raysources. For stars with (B-V)_0 < 0.6 the normalized X-ray fluxdecreases with a decreasing color index but for (B-V)_0 > 0.6 aplateau is reached, similar to the saturation level observed for single,rapidly rotating stars. The X-ray flux of W UMa stars is about 4-5 timesweaker than that of the fastest rotating single stars. Because earlytype, low activity variables have longer periods, an apparentperiod-activity relation is seen among our stars, while cool stars with(B-V)_0 > 0.6 and rotation periods between 0.23 and 0.45 days do notshow any such relation. The lower X-ray emission of the single, ultrafast rotators (UFRs) and W UMa stars is interpreted as the result of adecreased coronal filling factor. The physical mechanisms responsiblefor the decreased surface coverage differs for UFRs and W UMa systems.For UFRs we propose strong polar updrafts within a convection zone,driven by nonuniform heating from below. The updrafts should beaccompanied by large scale poleward flows near the bottom of theconvective layer and equatorward flows in the surface layers. The flowsdrag dynamo generated fields toward the poles and create a field-freeequatorial region with a width depending on the stellar rotation rate.For W UMa stars we propose that a large scale horizontal flow embracingboth stars will prevent the magnetic field from producing long-livedstructures filled with hot X-ray emitting plasma. The decreased activityof the fastest rotating UFRs increases the angular momentum loss timescale of stars in a supersaturated state. Thus the existence of a periodcutoff and a limiting mass of W UMa stars can be naturally explained.
| Observational evidence and analysis of the coupling between the dynamical and the thermodynamic processes for close binaries.
Analytical methods of the orbital period, the types of its variations,the mechanisms causing the changes in the orbital period, and problemsand progresses in the orbital period study are introduced. Theproperties of the variations in te orbital period and in the lightcurve, and the connections between the changes of the orbital period andthe light curve in different types of close binaries are also reviewed.The changes of the orbital period, the variations of the light curve andtheir connections in some sample stars are studied. The statisticalrelation of the parameters in contact binaries is also investigated.
| Stars with the Largest Hipparcos Photometric Amplitudes
A list of the 2027 stars that have the largest photometric amplitudes inHipparcos Photometry shows that most variable stars are all Miras. Thepercentage of variable types change as a function of amplitude. Thiscompilation should also be of value to photometrists looking forrelatively unstudied, but large amplitude stars.
| The EB-type contact binary system BV Eridani
Two sets of available photoelectric photometric observational data ofthe close binary system BV Eri were analyzed with the recentWilson-Devinney synthetic light curve program. The new absoluteparameters of the system were also derived by combining the photometricsolutions with the spectroscopic material. The research suggests that BVEri is a B-type contact binary system, and mass from the primarycomponent is transferring to the secondary component. It may beconcluded that BV Eri is a good example following the TRO theory.
| Photoelectric Minima of Selected Eclipsing Binaries
Not Available
| Photoelectric Minima of Selected Eclipsing Binaries and Maxima of Pulsating Stars
Not Available
| Absolute Magnitude Calibration for the W UMa-Type Systems Based on HIPPARCOS Data
Hipparcos parallax data for 40 contact binary stars of the W UMa-type(with epsilon M_V < 0.5) are used to derive a new, (B-V)-basedabsolute-magnitude calibration of the form M_V = M_V(log P,B-V). Thecalibration covers the ranges 0.26 < (B-V)_0 < 1.14, 0.24 < P< 1.15 day, and 1.4 < M_V < 6.1; it is based on a solutionweighted by relative errors in the parallaxes (2.7% to 24%). Previouscalibrations have not been based on such a wide period and color space,and while they have been able to predict M_V with sufficient accuracyfor systems closely following the well-known period-color relation, thenew calibration should be able to give also good predictions for moreexotic ``outlying'' contact binary systems. The main limitations of thiscalibration are the inadequate quality of the ground-based photometricdata, and the restriction to the (B-V) index, which is more sensitive tometallicity effects than the (V-I) index; metallicities are, however,basically unknown for the local W UMa-type systems. (SECTION: Stars)
| Photoelectric Minima of Selected Eclipsing Binaries
Not Available
| Near-Contact Binary Systems in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996ApJ...461..951S&db_key=AST
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Short period eclipsing binary star V361 Lyrae and the near-contact detached systems.
Not Available
| New Light Curves and Period of BV Eridani
Not Available
| Near-contact binaries
Not Available
| Spectroscopic binaries - 15th complementary catalog
Published observational data on the orbital characteristics of 436spectroscopic binaries, covering the period 1982-1986, are compiled intables. The data sources and the organization of the catalog are brieflydiscussed, and notes are provided for each item.
| A note on thermally decoupled W Ursae Majoris systems
The thermal decoupling degree of short-period contact or near-contactsystems is studied. Statistics of well-observed W UMa systems includingnew beta-light-curve objects was made for thermal-decoupling degree,spectral type, and orbital period. W UMa systems of type A and W arefound to be well characterized by these parameters. W-type objects showa good (linear) correlation in the spectral type vs. thermal-decouplingparameter diagram. This extends to the lower border of the diagram forA-type systems, otherwise scattered in an area of large thermaldecoupling. These empirical facts are analyzed in terms of contact ornoncontact configurations.
| Short-period noncontact binaries
Five short-period noncontact binaries (GR Tau, UU Lyn, BV Eri, RU Eri,and BW Eri) are studied. It is found from photometric and spectroscopicobservations that (1) both components are noncontact to each other butare very close to the respective Roche lobes; (2) period change does notappear or it is very small; and (3) component stars of UU Lyn and RU Eriare normal main sequence stars while those of GR Tau and BV Eri aresmaller and less massive components indicating in an advancedevolutionary state having experienced mass reversal.
| Violet and ultraviolet continua of W UMa systems on the basis of UVBY photometry observations
New observations of 17 southern WUMa systems are discussed together withprevious uvby data for 44 systems to determine properties of violet andultraviolet spectral distributions and to relate them to theperiod-color relation. The interstellar-reddening-corrected delta(m1)values extend from -0.02 to +0.10, which could be interpreted by aplausible range of metallicities; the most positive values of delta(m1)and largest ultraviolet excesses are observed for systems having theshortest periods at a given spectral type. The reddening-correcteddelta(c1) values are close to zero and are only slightly positive forearlier spectral types - mean delta (cl) = +0.04 for (b-y)O less than0.31 - indicating only very slight evolutionary advancement. Traces of adelta(cl) = -delta(ml) correlation for least evolved systems - smallestdelta(cl) - leave the possibility of intrinsic excesses still open.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Eridanus |
| Right ascension: | 03h51m53.34s |
| Declination: | -10°31'49.5" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 8.308 |
| Distance: | 163.399 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -42.6 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -136 |
| B-T magnitude: | 8.816 |
| V-T magnitude: | 8.35 |
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