Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital Solutions
This paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits.
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Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
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Absolute proper motions of open clusters. I. Observational data
Mean proper motions and parallaxes of 205 open clusters were determinedfrom their member stars found in the Hipparcos Catalogue. 360 clusterswere searched for possible members, excluding nearby clusters withdistances D < 200 pc. Members were selected using ground basedinformation (photometry, radial velocity, proper motion, distance fromthe cluster centre) and information provided by Hipparcos (propermotion, parallax). Altogether 630 certain and 100 possible members werefound. A comparison of the Hipparcos parallaxes with photometricdistances of open clusters shows good agreement. The Hipparcos dataconfirm or reject the membership of several Cepheids in the studiedclusters. Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
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Blue stragglers in open clusters. Part II
We present the results of a spectroscopic study of blue straggler andmain sequence B and A - type stars in the open clusters NGC 3496, NGC6475, NGC 6633 and IC 2602. A detailed analysis based on Kurucz'satmosphere models showed that the main sequence stars rotate ratherrapidly and differ from a normal (solar) metallicity for only a fewlight elements. The blue stragglers have significantly smaller projectedrotational velocities. As a group, they show the same chemicalpeculiarities as ordinary cluster and galactic field stars of the samespectral type. Two blue stragglers and one main sequence star possess arather low helium content. All investigated stars for which the carbonabundance could be measured showed a moderate-to-strong deficiency ofthis element. The phenomenon of the blue stragglers is briefly discussedon the basis of our study. Based on observations collected at EuropeanSouthern Observatory.
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Five-colour photometry of OB-stars in the Southern Hemisphere
Observations of OB-stars, made in 1959 and 1960 at the Leiden SouthernStation near Hartebeespoortdam, South Africa, with the VBLUW photometerattached to the 90 cm light-collector, are given in this paper. They arecompared with photometry obtained by \cite[Graham (1968),]{gra68}\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977),]{wal77} \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} and \cite[Van Genderen et al. (1984).]{gen84} Formulaefor the transformation of the present observations to those of\cite[Walraven & Walraven (1977)]{wal77} and \cite[Lub & Pel(1977)]{lub77} are given. Table 4 is only available in electronic format the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) orvia http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
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Open clusters with Hipparcos. I. Mean astrometric parameters
New memberships, mean parallaxes and proper motions of all 9 openclusters closer than 300 pc (except the Hyades) and 9rich clusters between 300 and 500 pc have been computed using Hipparcosdata. Precisions, ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 mas for parallaxes and 0.1 to0.5 mas/yr for proper motions, are of great interest for calibratingphotometric parallaxes as well as for kinematical studies. Carefulinvestigations of possible biases have been performed and no evidence ofsignificant systematic errors on the mean cluster parallaxes has beenfound. The distances and proper motions of 32 more distant clusters,which may be used statistically, are also indicated. Based onobservations made with the ESA Hipparcos astrometry satellite
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The ROSAT all-sky survey catalogue of optically bright OB-type stars.
For the detailed statistical analysis of the X-ray emission of hot starswe selected all stars of spectral type O and B listed in the Yale BrightStar Catalogue and searched for them in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. Inthis paper we describe the selection and preparation of the data andpresent a compilation of the derived X-ray data for a complete sample ofbright OB stars.
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An X-Ray Survey of the Open Cluster NGC 6475 (M7) With ROSAT
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995AJ....110.1229P&db_key=AST
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Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
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Catalogue of blue stragglers in open clusters.
An extensive survey of blue straggler candidates in galactic openclusters of both hemispheres is presented. The blue stragglers wereselected considering their positions in the cluster colour-magnitudediagrams.They were categorized according to the accuracy of thephotometric measurements and membership probabilities. An amount of 959blue straggler candidates in 390 open clusters of all ages wereidentified and classified. A set of basic data is given for everycluster and blue straggler. The information is arranged in the form of acatalogue. Blue stragglers are found in clusters of all ages. Thepercentage of clusters with blue stragglers generally grows with age andrichness of the clusters. The mean ratio of the number of bluestragglers to the number of cluster main sequence stars is approximatelyconstant up to a cluster age of about 10^8.6^ yr and rises for olderclusters. In general, the blue stragglers show a remarkable degree ofcentral concentration.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. VIII - Measurements during 1989-1991 from the Cerro Tololo 4 M telescope
One-thousand eighty-eight observations of 947 binary star systems,observed by means of speckle interferometry with the 4 m telescope onCerro Tololo, are presented. These measurements, made during the period1989-1991, comprise the second installment of results stemming from theexpansion of our speckle program to the southern hemisphere.
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Effects of rotation on the colours and line indices of stars. VI - The reality of the blue straggler phenomenon
The effect of rotation on the observed colors of stars has beenconsidered as a possible cause for the blue straggler phenomenon inclusters listed by Mermilliod (1982). It appears that this phenomenon isdefinitely not real in the case of the late B and early A spectral typeblue stragglers that are intrinsic slow rotators. Among clusterscontaining the early B type blue stragglers it is found that theanomalous position of the stragglers in NGC 6633, NGC 4675, and NGC 2516cannot be accounted for by rotation effects alone.
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The formation of Be stars through close binary evolution
The possibility that Be stars are the remnants of case B mass transferin intermediate-mass close binaries is investigated. It is shown thatonly progenitors with mass ratios greater than a certain minimum valueq-min are capable of producing a Be star after the mass transfer. Thevalue of q-min lies between 0.3 and 0.5, depending on the evolutionparameters as well as on the observationally determined lower mass limitof Be/X-ray binaries. In more than 80 percent of the predicted systems,the evolved companion is an He star, particularly among the late-type Bstars; these systems may be detectable as XUV sources.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. V - Measurements during 1988-1989 from the Kitt Peak and the Cerro Tololo 4 M telescopes
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1990AJ.....99..965M&db_key=AST
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Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
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Giant CP stars?
This study is part of an investigation of the possibility of usingchemically peculiar (CP) stars to map local galactic structure. Correctluminosities of these stars are therefore crucial. CP stars aregenerally regarded as main-sequence or near-main-sequence objects.However, some CP stars have been classified as giants. A selection ofstars, classified in the literature as CP giants, are compared to normalstars in the same effective temperature interval and to ordinary'nongiant' CP stars. No clear confirmation of a higher luminosity for'CP giants' than for CP stars in general is found. In addition, CPcharacteristics seem to be individual properties not repeated in acomponent star or other cluster members.
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Experiments with CP stars
A method for fine-classification of stars is applied to a sample ofabout 100 stars within the approximate spectral type range B6-A5.Experiments have been performed to find a method for fine-classificationof A stars, both normal and chemically peculiar, within the MK system.It is found that, independent of the definition of the degree ofpeculiarity, no sharp border exists separating the CP stars from thenormal ones. It is also shown that spectral classification can, onaverage, be performed with almost the same accuracy for CP stars as forthe normal ones if cases of extreme peculiarity are avoided.
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The spectra and ages of blue stragglers
A mechanism similar to Wheeler's 'quasi-homogeneous evolution' and Finziand Wolf's proposal for blue stragglers is proposed as the origin of theblue stragglers in intermediate-age clusters. Blue stragglers are starswhose positions in color-magnitude diagrams of open and globularclusters are significantly above the turn-off points and in the regionof the (former) main sequence; they seem to represent a conflict withthe general conclusion that all stars in a cluster originated at aboutthe same time. It is concluded that there are at least two kinds of bluestragglers: (1) those stars of types about B3-A2 are primarily Ap starsand slow rotators, occur in the intermediate age clusters and remain inthe main sequence region probably through magnetic mixing; and (2) thestars of type O6-B2 frequently have emission lines, are rapid rotators,occur in the young cluster, and remain in the main sequence regionprobably by rotational mixing.
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Radial velocities and membership probabilities in the open star cluster NGC 6475 (M 7)
For 76 stars in the field of the open cluster NGC 6475, calibratedobjective prism radial velocities with a mean observational error near +or - 2 km/s are presented. HD 163302 has been detected to be a newspectroscopic binary. Preliminary orbital elements are given. Clusterand field stars are separated kinematically by their widely differentvelocity dispersions. A statistical interpretation of the velocitydistribution reveals quantitative membership probabilities. A largefraction of cluster members are still identified beyond the conventionalcluster radius. HD 162067 is discovered to be a high-velocity star witha radial velocity of nearly 100 km/s of approach.
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A study of the open cluster NGC 6475 (M 7) (and two other stellar clusterings)
The open cluster NGC 6475 has been investigated with respect to possiblephysical properties common for its members and hence useful fordiscrimination purposes. As comparison objects two loose clusterings ofA-type stars in the southern Milky Way were used. The investigationincludes studies of both intermediate-dispersion spectra (20 A/mm) andUBV photometry. The general impression is that the high frequency ofmultiple stars, visual as well as spectroscopic, will constitute a veryserious obstacle as far as physical discrimination of cluster members isconcerned and to a large extent also in the case of other studies. TheCP stars appearing in NGC 6475 have also been subject to somediscussion. If continued investigations should prove multiplicity amongcluster stars to be considerably less frequent than in the presentcases, a membership criterion might be fruitful. Otherwise it probablyhas to be abandoned.
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Stellar content of young open clusters. III - The 'sn' stars
Twelve out of 16 stars in the sample of 17 cluster stars belonging tothe recently recognized class of 'sn' stars have V sin i values lowerthan 50 km/sec. It is ascertained that this represents true lowrotation, and does not result from an inclination effect, therebyexcluding both the pole-on hypothesis and the shell-like nature of thesharp lines as probable explanations. Either the 'sn' stars are thenormal state of slowly rotating stars, or they are peculiar. If thelatter, then normal rotating stars cannot exist for more than 50 millionyears before developing any peculiarity.
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Stellar content of young open clusters. I - Blue stragglers. II - Be stars
The properties of the blue stragglers and Be stars found in openclusters younger than the Hyades are examined. Thirty-nine bluestragglers were detected at the left of the upper main sequence in thecolor-magnitude diagrams of 75 open clusters, with the frequency ofdetection noted to increase with cluster age. About half of thestragglers show peculiar abundance characteristics corresponding tospectral classes Am, Ap, Bp, Be and Of. The spectroscopic andphotometric behavior of the blue stragglers is, however, identical withthat of main sequence stars of the same type and peculiarity. It issuggested that the blue stragglers with peculiar spectroscopiccharacteristics may result from the evolution, perhapsquasi-homogeneous, of abnormal stars. Analysis of the absolutemagnitudes and dereddened colors calculated for 94 Be stars in 34 openclusters indicates the distribution to peak at spectral types B1-B2 andB7-B8, and in clusters with turn-up types at B1-B2. Cluster Be starsoccupy the whole main sequence band, and evolutionary states from nearlyunevolved to fully evolved. They may be classified according to theirposition on the color-magnitude diagram, with the distinctions betweenclasses also related to spectroscopic differences.
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The open cluster NGC 3532
NGC 3532 is a large cluster in the Carina region of the southern MilkyWay. Observations in the modified Stromgren and H beta systems have beenobtained for 33 stars. (R,I) photometry for the red stars is listed in atable. The HD and CPD numbers for the 33 stars are also listed togetherwith the numbers assigned by Koelbloed. Attention is given to reddeningand luminosity determinations, the red giants in the cluster region, acomparison of computed and cluster luminosities for some of thecalibrating stars, and age considerations. It is pointed out that theusefulness of NGC 2287 and 3532 for testing stellar models is increasedby the existence of a third, bright cluster of intermediate age, NGC6475.
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Apparent radii and other parameters for 416 B5 V-F5 V stars of the catalogue of the Geneva Observatory
Apparent radius, visual brightness, effective temperature and absoluteradius for 416 B5 v-F5 v stars of the catalogue of the GenevaObservatory (Rufener, 1976) have been determined. Twenty-eight stars,anomalous in log a" versus (m~)o diagrams, have been singled out. A goodcorrelation for seven stars, in common with the list of Hanbury Brown etal. (1974), has been found. Similar parameters determined for 279 B5v-F5 v stars of two preceding papers (Fracassini et al., 1973, 1975)have allowed us to determine the averaged diagrams , and versus (B -V)0 for 695 B5 v-F5 v stars. Moreover, in the present paper a goodcorrelation versus and carefulrelation = -7.40 + 3.31 for B5v-F5 V stars have been determined. Plain correlations between log R/R0and blanketing parameter m2 for some spectral types seem to point outthat there are real differences in the absolute radii of stars of thesame spectral type, in agreement with recent researches on the HRdiagram (Houck and Fesen, 1978). Systematic differences between double(spectroscopic and visual) and single stars are found. In particular,the averaged relation versus shows that A2v-F5 v double stars may have a higher metallicity index m2 and smallerabsolute radii than single stars. Finally, the diagram log v sin iversus log R/R0 confirms some properties of binary systems found byother researchers (Huang, 1966; Plavec, 1970; Levato, 1974; Kitamura andKondo, 1978)
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Relative radial velocities from objective prism spectra in the region of nine southern open star clusters and a star field at Eta Carinae
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980A&AS...41..245G&db_key=AST
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The occurrence of abnormal stars in open clusters
The age dependence of the frequencies of various types of abnormal starsin open clusters and associations is discussed. Spectra acquired atdispersions of 39 A/mm and 129 A/mm were used to determine the spectraltypes and luminosity classes of 661 stars in 14 open clusters andassociations. The frequencies of Ap(Si), Ap(Hg,Mn) and Ap(Sr,Cr) starsare found to increase with age to a level about that of field stars,while the rotational velocities of Ap(Si) and Ap(Hg,Mn) stars decreasewith time. Be stars in clusters exhibit a relatively constant frequency,roughly equal to that of Be field stars. The frequencies of stars withpronounced shell spectra are observed to remain constant with age, whilestars with unusually broad hydrogen lines (Vb stars) occur only in theyoungest clusters. The frequency of Am stars in clusters is notsignificantly different from that of field stars, and does not seem todepend on age, although rotational velocity is seen to decrease. It isconcluded that Ap or Am stars develop from stars of various rotationalspeeds, with a subsequent decrease in rotational velocity.
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Errata in the "Bibliography of Stellar Radial Velocities" by H. A. Abt & E. S. Biggs
Not Available
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The spectroscopic binaries in NGC 6475
Using objective-prism spectra obtained with a radial-velocityastrograph, a large number of radial velocities of 13 of the brightestmembers in NGC 6475 have been determined. Three of five previouslysuspected short-period spectroscopic binaries could not be confirmed.However, two of these three stars seem to be long-period spectroscopicbinaries. The remaining two suspected binaries could be confirmed, andelements have been derived. It is concluded that the frequency ofshort-period spectroscopic binaries in NGC 6475 is considerably smallerthan supposed earlier. Finally, general properties of the techniqueemployed for the determination of relative radial velocities arediscussed.
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Nomenclature cross-correlation for stars in NGC 2516 and NGC 6475
Not Available
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Catalog of spectrophotometric scans of stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1976ApJS...32....7B&db_key=AST
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