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New and Confirmed Triple Systems with Luminous Cool Primaries and Hot Companions
In the course of comparing parameters of evolved cool star plus hotmain-sequence star binaries with theoretical isochrones, somediscrepancies are found between implied stellar masses and thespectroscopic binary mass function or the measured angular separation.These are naturally explained if there is a third star in the system.Multiplicity is also required to explain some comparisons of ``cool plushot binary'' IUE and optical spectral energy distribution analysis withmeasured flux ratios, especially Tycho's two-color photometry ofseparate components. Out of a sample of 136 cool-plus-hot binary starsystems under study, measurements are now indicating several systemsconsidered double (HD 5373, 23089, 26673, 29094, 49126, 71129, 149379,179002, 187299), and probably a few others (including HD 136415), tohave at least three stellar components. Several other cases of suspectedtriple systems are confirmed. For comparison, there are eight knowntriples included in the project. In all, about 25% of the systemscontain three or more components within a few arcseconds. Estimatedseparations are provided, which may be of use when not known frominterferometry. In general, the triple systems have onepost-main-sequence component and two upper main-sequence components,usually revolving around each other. One new triple system, HD 149379,has as its middle component an F giant in the brief first crossing ofthe Hertzsprung gap.
| Absolute proper motions of open clusters. I. Observational data
Mean proper motions and parallaxes of 205 open clusters were determinedfrom their member stars found in the Hipparcos Catalogue. 360 clusterswere searched for possible members, excluding nearby clusters withdistances D < 200 pc. Members were selected using ground basedinformation (photometry, radial velocity, proper motion, distance fromthe cluster centre) and information provided by Hipparcos (propermotion, parallax). Altogether 630 certain and 100 possible members werefound. A comparison of the Hipparcos parallaxes with photometricdistances of open clusters shows good agreement. The Hipparcos dataconfirm or reject the membership of several Cepheids in the studiedclusters. Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Ultraviolet and Optical Studies of Binaries with Luminous Cool Primaries and Hot Companions. V. The Entire IUE Sample
We have obtained or retrieved IUE spectra for over 100 middle- andlate-type giant and supergiant stars whose spectra indicate the presenceof a hot component earlier than type F2. The hot companions areclassified accurately by temperature class from their far-UV spectra.The interstellar extinction of each system and the relative luminositiesof the components are derived from analysis of the UV and opticalfluxes, using a grid of UV intrinsic colors for hot dwarfs. We find thatthere is fair agreement in general between current UV spectralclassification and ground-based hot component types, in spite of thedifficulties of assigning the latter. There are a few cases in which thecool component optical classifications disagree considerably with thetemperature classes inferred from our analysis of UV and opticalphotometry. The extinction parameter agrees moderately well with otherdeterminations of B-V color excess. Many systems are worthy of furtherstudy especially to establish their spectroscopic orbits. Further workis planned to estimate luminosities of the cool components from the dataherein; in many cases, these luminosities' accuracies should becomparable to or exceed those of the Hipparcos parallaxes.
| Ultraviolet and optical studies of binaries with luminous cool primaries and hot companions. IV - Further IUE detections
We have obtained IUE spectra for 31 middle and late-type giant andsupergiant stars whose TD-1 fluxes or ground-based spectra indicate thepresence of a hot component, or whose radial velocities indicate anunseen component. Stellar components earlier than type F1 were detectedin 22 cases. While 20 of the hot secondaries are seen weakly in opticalspectra, two are UV discoveries: HD 58134 and HD 183864. The hotcompanions are classified accurately by temperature class from theirfar-UV spectra. The interstellar extinction of each system and therelative luminosities of the components are derived from the UV andoptical fluxes, using a new grid of UV intrinsic colors for hot dwarfs.We find that many giant stars apparently have companions which are toohot and hence too luminous for consistency with the primary's spectralclassification.
| NGC 2287 - an important intermediate-age open cluster
We have obtained photoelectric UBV photometry for 100 stars, uvby-betaphotometry for 39 stars, and MK spectral types for 80 stars in the fieldof NGC 2287. After combination with data from other sources, severalinteresting cluster properties are apparent. Both the UBV and uvby-betaphotometry point to a small but nonzero reddening, while our spectraltypes confirm previous results indicating a high binary frequency forthe cluster. Based on our spectral and photometric data for the clustermembers with M(V) of between -1 and 3, we find a minimum binaryfrequency of 40 percent and discuss the possibility that the results mayimply a binary frequency closer to 80 percent. The cluster age is foundto be about 2 x 10 exp 8 yr based on both the main-sequence turnoff andthe red giant distribution; the width of the turnup region can probablybe explained by a combination of duplicity and a range in stellarrotation.
| Further IUE Detections of Hot Companions to Cool Stars
Many late-type giants and supergiants have companion stars still on theupper main sequence, but barely detectable in ground-based observations.In 1989-90 we continued our surveys of suspected hot companions with theIUE satellite. Of 32 spectrum binaries or SB1 systems observed, 25reveal clear signatures in the UV of a B or A type component. The far-UVspectra are easily classified by temperature class with respect to IUEstandard stars. Some of the more significant new results: ground UVspectrosc. HD no. V spectral type type binary? Note---------------------------------------------------------- 25555 5.47 G0III + A4 dB8+ var 32835/6 7.65 F5 V + A dB8.5 a 37269AB 5.40 G5 III: +A3 d:A0 var 49126 7.28 F8 IV-V + B9.5 dB8.5 a 52690 6.55 M1 Ib + A-BgB8- 58134 7.64: G5 Ib g:A1- p 63208 6.18 G2 III + A4 gB9.5 var? 1675168.46 G5 III + A -- b 183864 7.32 G2 Ib d:A0 296.0d 218600 8.39 F2 Ib + A-- b In two systems the ground-based luminosity classifications of theirprimaries are seriously inconsistent with their upper main sequencecompanions (note a). Two spectrum binaries with supposedly A-typesecondaries show no evidence of such in the UV (note b). Several othercases demonstrate a trend in our surveys: although some classificationsare confirmed, we frequently find that the IUE spectral class is hotterthan the ground estimate by 2 or more subclasses. This work is supportedunder NASA contract NAS 5-28749. SBP is a staff member of the SpaceTelescope Science Institute. TBA is a member of the GHRS Science Team.
| Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
| On the Constancy of Some Stars in NGC 2287 = Messier 41
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| Membership in the open cluster NGC 2287
The open cluster NGC 2287 is a cluster apparently rich in multiple starsand several other spectroscopically interesting objects. The firstextended proper-motion membership survey of the cluster is reported. UBVphotometry of 146 proper-motion stars is also included and compared toearlier data. Color-magnitude and two-color diagrams are presented. Theproper-motion-based membership probabilities indicate that most of thespectroscopic binaries are members of the cluster, as are the threeHg-Mn stars, and at least four of the K giants. The bright He-weak starHD 49333 does not appear to be a cluster member. A ZAMS fit to acolor-magnitude diagram of the most likely members gives a distancemodulus of (m - M) = 9.15.
| Axial rotation in NGC 2287
Axial and rotational velocities of the members of the open cluster NGC2287 are measured. The average rotation of the cluster is compared withthe average rotation of field stars of the same types; it is found thatNGC 2287 rotates at a slower rate than field stars. This result isdiscussed in terms of the correlation among the rotation, binarity, andpeculiarity among members of open clusters.
| Positions of stars in regions of 14 southern galactic clusters
Positions have been obtained for a total of 3487 stars scattered over 14regions that are centered on each of the southern galactic clusters NGC1981, 2287, 2437, 2451, 2516, 2546, 2547, 2548, 3114, 3532, IC 2391,2395, 2602, and Truempler 10. A frame of reference has been establishedfor each region using ESO Schmidt plates centered on the clusters, witheach plate containing 20-35 measurable Perth 70 stars that are used fordetermining the positions of 200-400 fainter stars within a centralfield of 25 min of arc radius (covering the corresponding 1.5-m plates).
| The region of NGC 2287 and CR 121
Intermediate band and H-beta observations of 135 stars in the regions ofthe clusters NGC 2287 and Cr 121 are discussed, and a luminositycalibration of photometric parameters for late G- to early K-type brightgiants and supergiants is introduced. Results indicate that NGC 2287 isat a distance of 740 pc, very little reddened, 100-million years old,and contains three or four G8-K2 bright giants and supergiants and ablue straggler. Cr 121 is 1.17 kpc distant, very little reddened, 1.5million years old and an extension of CMa OB1. Cr 121 contains a nearerconcentration of stars at the same distance as NGC 2287, and theassociation appears to be the same age as CMa OB1, although presequencestars may exist. Intermingling of stars in CMa OB2 and NGC 2287 is alsoconsidered possible, and a test of the calibration of two methods ofluminosity determination of early A-type stars using photometricparameters shows them to be entirely consistent.
| Spectral morphology in the open cluster NGC 2287
Spectral classifications in NGC 2287 have revealed the presence of anHe-weak star, three Hg-Mn stars, one star with a weak K line, one coolAp star and one star with a composite spectrum. Spectroscopic evidencedetermined eight double-line binaries as well as five suspecteddouble-line binaries.
| Mulitcolor Photometry of the Open Cluster NGC 2287
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978A&AS...34..241F&db_key=AST
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Canis Major |
| Right ascension: | 06h46m07.21s |
| Declination: | -20°45'15.6" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 7.258 |
| Distance: | 301.205 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -6 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -1.9 |
| B-T magnitude: | 7.946 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.315 |
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